Clarify and unify rule/monitor rule defaults

Makefile

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ include config.mk
 
 # flags for compiling
 DWLCPPFLAGS = -I. -DWLR_USE_UNSTABLE -D_POSIX_C_SOURCE=200809L \
-	-DVERSION=\"$(VERSION)\" $(XWAYLAND) $(CPPFLAGS)
+	-DVERSION=\"$(VERSION)\" $(XWAYLAND)
 DWLDEVCFLAGS = -g -Wpedantic -Wall -Wextra -Wdeclaration-after-statement \
 	-Wno-unused-parameter -Wshadow -Wunused-macros -Werror=strict-prototypes \
 	-Werror=implicit -Werror=return-type -Werror=incompatible-pointer-types \
@@ -17,10 +17,12 @@ DWLCFLAGS = `$(PKG_CONFIG) --cflags $(PKGS)` $(WLR_INCS) $(DWLCPPFLAGS) $(DWLDEV
 LDLIBS    = `$(PKG_CONFIG) --libs $(PKGS)` $(WLR_LIBS) -lm $(LIBS)
 
 all: dwl
-dwl: dwl.c client.h config.h util.h config.mk cursor-shape-v1-protocol.h \
+dwl: dwl.o util.o
+	$(CC) dwl.o util.o $(DWLCFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) $(LDLIBS) -o $@
+dwl.o: dwl.c client.h config.h config.mk cursor-shape-v1-protocol.h \
 	pointer-constraints-unstable-v1-protocol.h wlr-layer-shell-unstable-v1-protocol.h \
 	wlr-output-power-management-unstable-v1-protocol.h xdg-shell-protocol.h
-	$(CC) dwl.c $(DWLCFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) $(LDLIBS) -o $@
+util.o: util.c util.h
 
 # wayland-scanner is a tool which generates C headers and rigging for Wayland
 # protocols, which are specified in XML. wlroots requires you to rig these up
@@ -52,7 +54,7 @@ clean:
 dist: clean
 	mkdir -p dwl-$(VERSION)
 	cp -R LICENSE* Makefile CHANGELOG.md README.md client.h config.def.h \
-		config.mk protocols dwl.1 dwl.c util.h dwl.desktop \
+		config.mk protocols dwl.1 dwl.c util.c util.h dwl.desktop \
 		dwl-$(VERSION)
 	tar -caf dwl-$(VERSION).tar.gz dwl-$(VERSION)
 	rm -rf dwl-$(VERSION)
@@ -71,3 +73,7 @@ install: dwl
 uninstall:
 	rm -f $(DESTDIR)$(PREFIX)/bin/dwl $(DESTDIR)$(MANDIR)/man1/dwl.1 \
 		$(DESTDIR)$(DATADIR)/wayland-sessions/dwl.desktop
+
+.SUFFIXES: .c .o
+.c.o:
+	$(CC) $(CPPFLAGS) $(DWLCFLAGS) -o $@ -c $<

README.md

@@ -1,16 +1,15 @@
 # dwl - dwm for Wayland
 
-Join us on our [Discord server]  
-Or Matrix: [#dwl-official:matrix.org]  
-Or on our IRC channel: [#dwl on Libera Chat]
+Join us on our IRC channel: [#dwl on Libera Chat]  
+Or on the community-maintained [Discord server].
 
 dwl is a compact, hackable compositor for [Wayland] based on [wlroots]. It is
-intended to fill the same space in the Wayland world that [dwm] does in X11,
+intended to fill the same space in the Wayland world that dwm does in X11,
 primarily in terms of functionality, and secondarily in terms of
-philosophy. Like [dwm], dwl is:
+philosophy. Like dwm, dwl is:
 
 - Easy to understand, hack on, and extend with patches
-- One C source file configurable via `config.h`
+- One C source file (or a very small number) configurable via `config.h`
 - Tied to as few external dependencies as possible
 
 ## Getting Started:
@@ -24,13 +23,11 @@ with each release on the [release] page
 
 ### Development branch [main]
 Active development progresses on the `main` branch. The `main` branch is built
-against the latest release of [wlroots]. PRs should target this branch unless they
-depend on functionality that is not in the current release of `wlroots`.
-
-### Preview branch [wlroots-next]
-The `wlroots-next` branch is built against the git version of [wlroots], which
-is unstable and changes frequently. PRs requiring functionality from the git
-version of `wlroots` should target this branch.
+against a late (and often changing) git commit of wlroots. While the adventurous
+are welcome to use `main`, it is a rocky road. Using `main` requires that the
+user be willing to chase git commits of wlroots. Testing development pull
+requests may involve merging unmerged pull requests in [wlroots]' git repository
+and/or git commits of wayland.
   
 ### Building dwl
 dwl has the following dependencies:
@@ -58,11 +55,11 @@ To enable XWayland, you should uncomment its flags in `config.mk`.
 ## Configuration
 
 All configuration is done by editing `config.h` and recompiling, in the same
-manner as [dwm]. There is no way to separately restart the window manager in
+manner as dwm. There is no way to separately restart the window manager in
 Wayland without restarting the entire display server, so any changes will take
 effect the next time dwl is executed.
 
-As in the [dwm] community, we encourage users to share patches they have
+As in the dwm community, we encourage users to share patches they have
 created. Check out the [dwl-patches] repository!
 
 ## Running dwl
@@ -121,26 +118,17 @@ script with the line
 
 To get a list of status bars that work with dwl consult our [wiki].
 
-### (Known) Java nonreparenting WM issue
-Certain IDEs don't display correctly unless an environmental variable for Java AWT
-indicates that the WM is nonreparenting.
-
-For some Java AWT-based IDEs, such as Xilinx Vivado and Microchip MPLAB X, the
-following environment variable needs to be set before running the IDE or dwl:
-
-    export _JAVA_AWT_WM_NONREPARENTING=1
-
 ## Replacements for X applications
 
 You can find a [list of useful resources on our wiki].
 
 ## Background
 
-dwl is not meant to provide every feature under the sun. Instead, like [dwm], it
+dwl is not meant to provide every feature under the sun. Instead, like dwm, it
 sticks to features which are necessary, simple, and straightforward to implement
 given the base on which it is built. Implemented default features are:
 
-- Any features provided by [dwm]/Xlib: simple window borders, tags, keybindings,
+- Any features provided by dwm/Xlib: simple window borders, tags, keybindings,
   client rules, mouse move/resize. Providing a built-in status bar is an
   exception to this goal, to avoid dependencies on font rendering and/or drawing
   libraries when an external bar could work well.
@@ -157,10 +145,10 @@ given the base on which it is built. Implemented default features are:
 - Layer shell popups (used by Waybar)
 - Damage tracking provided by scenegraph API
 
-Given the Wayland architecture, dwl has to implement features from [dwm] **and**
+Given the Wayland architecture, dwl has to implement features from dwm **and**
 the xorg-server. Because of this, it is impossible to maintain the original
 project goal of 2000 SLOC and have a reasonably complete compositor with
-features comparable to [dwm]. However, this does not mean that the code will grow
+features comparable to dwm. However, this does not mean that the code will grow
 indiscriminately. We will try to keep the code as small as possible.
 
 Features under consideration (possibly as patches) are:
@@ -184,7 +172,7 @@ developers. This was made possible in many cases by looking at how sway
 accomplished something, then trying to do the same in as suckless a way as
 possible.
 
-Many thanks to suckless.org and the [dwm] developers and community for the
+Many thanks to suckless.org and the dwm developers and community for the
 inspiration, and to the various contributors to the project, including:
 
 - **Devin J. Pohly for creating and nurturing the fledgling project**
@@ -195,7 +183,6 @@ inspiration, and to the various contributors to the project, including:
 
 
 [wlroots]: https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/wlroots
-[dwm]: https://dwm.suckless.org/
 [`systemd --user`]: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Systemd/User
 [#dwl on Libera Chat]: https://web.libera.chat/?channels=#dwl
 [0.7-rc1]: https://codeberg.org/dwl/dwl/releases/tag/v0.7-rc1
@@ -205,7 +192,6 @@ inspiration, and to the various contributors to the project, including:
 [dwl-patches]: https://codeberg.org/dwl/dwl-patches
 [list of useful resources on our wiki]: https://codeberg.org/dwl/dwl/wiki/Home#migrating-from-x
 [main]: https://codeberg.org/dwl/dwl/src/branch/main
-[wlroots-next]: https://codeberg.org/dwl/dwl/src/branch/wlroots-next
 [release]: https://codeberg.org/dwl/dwl/releases
 [runit]: http://smarden.org/runit/faq.html#userservices
 [s6]: https://skarnet.org/software/s6/
@@ -213,4 +199,3 @@ inspiration, and to the various contributors to the project, including:
 [wiki]: https://codeberg.org/dwl/dwl/wiki/Home#compatible-status-bars
 [Discord server]: https://discord.gg/jJxZnrGPWN
 [Wayland]: https://wayland.freedesktop.org/
-[#dwl-official:matrix.org]: https://matrix.to/#/#dwl-official:matrix.org

config.def.h

@@ -20,11 +20,11 @@ static const float fullscreen_bg[]         = {0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f}; /* You ca
 /* logging */
 static int log_level = WLR_ERROR;
 
+/* AT LEAST ONE rule must exist. Define at least an EXAMPLE rule here. */
 static const Rule rules[] = {
 	/* app_id             title       tags mask     isfloating   monitor */
 	{ "Gimp_EXAMPLE",     NULL,       0,            1,           -1 }, /* Start on currently visible tags floating, not tiled */
 	{ "firefox_EXAMPLE",  NULL,       1 << 8,       0,           -1 }, /* Start on ONLY tag "9" */
-    /* default/example rule: can be changed but cannot be eliminated; at least one rule must exist */
 };
 
 /* layout(s) */
@@ -36,15 +36,18 @@ static const Layout layouts[] = {
 };
 
 /* monitors */
-/* (x=-1, y=-1) is reserved as an "autoconfigure" monitor position indicator
- * WARNING: negative values other than (-1, -1) cause problems with Xwayland clients due to
- * https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/xorg/xserver/-/issues/899 */
+/*
+ * (x=-1, y=-1) causes a monitor to "autoconfigure" its position
+ *
+ * WARNING: Due to https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/xorg/xserver/-/issues/899
+ * negative monitor positions other than (-1, -1) create problems for Xwayland
+ * clients
+ *
+ * AT LEAST ONE monitor rule must exist. Define at least a NULL default rule here. */
 static const MonitorRule monrules[] = {
-   /* name        mfact  nmaster scale layout       rotate/reflect                x    y
-    * example of a HiDPI laptop monitor:
-    { "eDP-1",    0.5f,  1,      2,    &layouts[0], WL_OUTPUT_TRANSFORM_NORMAL,   -1,  -1 }, */
-	{ NULL,       0.55f, 1,      1,    &layouts[0], WL_OUTPUT_TRANSFORM_NORMAL,   -1,  -1 },
-	/* default monitor rule: can be changed but cannot be eliminated; at least one monitor rule must exist */
+	/* name            mfact  nmaster scale layout       rotate/reflect                x    y */
+	{ NULL,            0.55f, 1,      1,    &layouts[0], WL_OUTPUT_TRANSFORM_NORMAL,   -1,  -1 },
+	{ "eDP-1_EXAMPLE", 0.5f,  1,      2,    &layouts[0], WL_OUTPUT_TRANSFORM_NORMAL,   -1,  -1 },
 };
 
 /* keyboard */
@@ -119,41 +122,41 @@ static const char *termcmd[] = { "foot", NULL };
 static const char *menucmd[] = { "wmenu-run", NULL };
 
 static const Key keys[] = {
-	/* Note that Shift changes certain key codes: 2 -> at, etc. */
-	/* modifier                  key                  function          argument */
-	{ MODKEY,                    XKB_KEY_p,           spawn,            {.v = menucmd} },
-	{ MODKEY|WLR_MODIFIER_SHIFT, XKB_KEY_Return,      spawn,            {.v = termcmd} },
-	{ MODKEY,                    XKB_KEY_j,           focusstack,       {.i = +1} },
-	{ MODKEY,                    XKB_KEY_k,           focusstack,       {.i = -1} },
-	{ MODKEY,                    XKB_KEY_i,           incnmaster,       {.i = +1} },
-	{ MODKEY,                    XKB_KEY_d,           incnmaster,       {.i = -1} },
-	{ MODKEY,                    XKB_KEY_h,           setmfact,         {.f = -0.05f} },
-	{ MODKEY,                    XKB_KEY_l,           setmfact,         {.f = +0.05f} },
-	{ MODKEY,                    XKB_KEY_Return,      zoom,             {0} },
-	{ MODKEY,                    XKB_KEY_Tab,         view,             {0} },
-	{ MODKEY|WLR_MODIFIER_SHIFT, XKB_KEY_c,           killclient,       {0} },
-	{ MODKEY,                    XKB_KEY_t,           setlayout,        {.v = &layouts[0]} },
-	{ MODKEY,                    XKB_KEY_f,           setlayout,        {.v = &layouts[1]} },
-	{ MODKEY,                    XKB_KEY_m,           setlayout,        {.v = &layouts[2]} },
-	{ MODKEY,                    XKB_KEY_space,       setlayout,        {0} },
-	{ MODKEY|WLR_MODIFIER_SHIFT, XKB_KEY_space,       togglefloating,   {0} },
-	{ MODKEY,                    XKB_KEY_e,           togglefullscreen, {0} },
-	{ MODKEY,                    XKB_KEY_0,           view,             {.ui = ~0} },
-	{ MODKEY|WLR_MODIFIER_SHIFT, XKB_KEY_parenright,  tag,              {.ui = ~0} },
-	{ MODKEY,                    XKB_KEY_comma,       focusmon,         {.i = WLR_DIRECTION_LEFT} },
-	{ MODKEY,                    XKB_KEY_period,      focusmon,         {.i = WLR_DIRECTION_RIGHT} },
-	{ MODKEY|WLR_MODIFIER_SHIFT, XKB_KEY_less,        tagmon,           {.i = WLR_DIRECTION_LEFT} },
-	{ MODKEY|WLR_MODIFIER_SHIFT, XKB_KEY_greater,     tagmon,           {.i = WLR_DIRECTION_RIGHT} },
-	TAGKEYS(          XKB_KEY_1, XKB_KEY_exclam,                        0),
-	TAGKEYS(          XKB_KEY_2, XKB_KEY_at,                            1),
-	TAGKEYS(          XKB_KEY_3, XKB_KEY_numbersign,                    2),
-	TAGKEYS(          XKB_KEY_4, XKB_KEY_dollar,                        3),
-	TAGKEYS(          XKB_KEY_5, XKB_KEY_percent,                       4),
-	TAGKEYS(          XKB_KEY_6, XKB_KEY_asciicircum,                   5),
-	TAGKEYS(          XKB_KEY_7, XKB_KEY_ampersand,                     6),
-	TAGKEYS(          XKB_KEY_8, XKB_KEY_asterisk,                      7),
-	TAGKEYS(          XKB_KEY_9, XKB_KEY_parenleft,                     8),
-	{ MODKEY|WLR_MODIFIER_SHIFT, XKB_KEY_q,           quit,             {0} },
+	/* Note that Shift changes certain key codes: c -> C, 2 -> at, etc. */
+	/* modifier                  key                 function        argument */
+	{ MODKEY,                    XKB_KEY_p,          spawn,          {.v = menucmd} },
+	{ MODKEY|WLR_MODIFIER_SHIFT, XKB_KEY_Return,     spawn,          {.v = termcmd} },
+	{ MODKEY,                    XKB_KEY_j,          focusstack,     {.i = +1} },
+	{ MODKEY,                    XKB_KEY_k,          focusstack,     {.i = -1} },
+	{ MODKEY,                    XKB_KEY_i,          incnmaster,     {.i = +1} },
+	{ MODKEY,                    XKB_KEY_d,          incnmaster,     {.i = -1} },
+	{ MODKEY,                    XKB_KEY_h,          setmfact,       {.f = -0.05f} },
+	{ MODKEY,                    XKB_KEY_l,          setmfact,       {.f = +0.05f} },
+	{ MODKEY,                    XKB_KEY_Return,     zoom,           {0} },
+	{ MODKEY,                    XKB_KEY_Tab,        view,           {0} },
+	{ MODKEY|WLR_MODIFIER_SHIFT, XKB_KEY_C,          killclient,     {0} },
+	{ MODKEY,                    XKB_KEY_t,          setlayout,      {.v = &layouts[0]} },
+	{ MODKEY,                    XKB_KEY_f,          setlayout,      {.v = &layouts[1]} },
+	{ MODKEY,                    XKB_KEY_m,          setlayout,      {.v = &layouts[2]} },
+	{ MODKEY,                    XKB_KEY_space,      setlayout,      {0} },
+	{ MODKEY|WLR_MODIFIER_SHIFT, XKB_KEY_space,      togglefloating, {0} },
+	{ MODKEY,                    XKB_KEY_e,         togglefullscreen, {0} },
+	{ MODKEY,                    XKB_KEY_0,          view,           {.ui = ~0} },
+	{ MODKEY|WLR_MODIFIER_SHIFT, XKB_KEY_parenright, tag,            {.ui = ~0} },
+	{ MODKEY,                    XKB_KEY_comma,      focusmon,       {.i = WLR_DIRECTION_LEFT} },
+	{ MODKEY,                    XKB_KEY_period,     focusmon,       {.i = WLR_DIRECTION_RIGHT} },
+	{ MODKEY|WLR_MODIFIER_SHIFT, XKB_KEY_less,       tagmon,         {.i = WLR_DIRECTION_LEFT} },
+	{ MODKEY|WLR_MODIFIER_SHIFT, XKB_KEY_greater,    tagmon,         {.i = WLR_DIRECTION_RIGHT} },
+	TAGKEYS(          XKB_KEY_1, XKB_KEY_exclam,                     0),
+	TAGKEYS(          XKB_KEY_2, XKB_KEY_at,                         1),
+	TAGKEYS(          XKB_KEY_3, XKB_KEY_numbersign,                 2),
+	TAGKEYS(          XKB_KEY_4, XKB_KEY_dollar,                     3),
+	TAGKEYS(          XKB_KEY_5, XKB_KEY_percent,                    4),
+	TAGKEYS(          XKB_KEY_6, XKB_KEY_asciicircum,                5),
+	TAGKEYS(          XKB_KEY_7, XKB_KEY_ampersand,                  6),
+	TAGKEYS(          XKB_KEY_8, XKB_KEY_asterisk,                   7),
+	TAGKEYS(          XKB_KEY_9, XKB_KEY_parenleft,                  8),
+	{ MODKEY|WLR_MODIFIER_SHIFT, XKB_KEY_Q,          quit,           {0} },
 
 	/* Ctrl-Alt-Backspace and Ctrl-Alt-Fx used to be handled by X server */
 	{ WLR_MODIFIER_CTRL|WLR_MODIFIER_ALT,XKB_KEY_Terminate_Server, quit, {0} },

dwl.c

@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@
 #include <wlr/types/wlr_data_device.h>
 #include <wlr/types/wlr_drm.h>
 #include <wlr/types/wlr_export_dmabuf_v1.h>
-#include <wlr/types/wlr_ext_data_control_v1.h>
 #include <wlr/types/wlr_fractional_scale_v1.h>
 #include <wlr/types/wlr_gamma_control_v1.h>
 #include <wlr/types/wlr_idle_inhibit_v1.h>
@@ -72,8 +71,12 @@
 #include "util.h"
 
 /* macros */
+#define MAX(A, B)               ((A) > (B) ? (A) : (B))
+#define MIN(A, B)               ((A) < (B) ? (A) : (B))
 #define CLEANMASK(mask)         (mask & ~WLR_MODIFIER_CAPS)
 #define VISIBLEON(C, M)         ((M) && (C)->mon == (M) && ((C)->tags & (M)->tagset[(M)->seltags]))
+#define LENGTH(X)               (sizeof X / sizeof X[0])
+#define END(A)                  ((A) + LENGTH(A))
 #define TAGMASK                 ((1u << TAGCOUNT) - 1)
 #define LISTEN(E, L, H)         wl_signal_add((E), ((L)->notify = (H), (L)))
 #define LISTEN_STATIC(E, H)     do { struct wl_listener *_l = ecalloc(1, sizeof(*_l)); _l->notify = (H); wl_signal_add((E), _l); } while (0)
@@ -582,7 +585,7 @@ arrangelayers(Monitor *m)
 		arrange(m);
 	}
 
-	/* Arrange non-exclusive surfaces from top->bottom */
+	/* Arrange non-exlusive surfaces from top->bottom */
 	for (i = 3; i >= 0; i--)
 		arrangelayer(m, &m->layers[i], &usable_area, 0);
 
@@ -1613,8 +1616,7 @@ keybinding(uint32_t mods, xkb_keysym_t sym)
 	const Key *k;
 	for (k = keys; k < END(keys); k++) {
 		if (CLEANMASK(mods) == CLEANMASK(k->mod)
-				&& xkb_keysym_to_lower(sym) == xkb_keysym_to_lower(k->keysym)
-				&& k->func) {
+				&& sym == k->keysym && k->func) {
 			k->func(&k->arg);
 			return 1;
 		}
@@ -2130,7 +2132,7 @@ powermgrsetmode(struct wl_listener *listener, void *data)
 	if (!m)
 		return;
 
-	m->gamma_lut_changed = 1; /* Reapply gamma LUT when re-enabling the output */
+	m->gamma_lut_changed = 1; /* Reapply gamma LUT when re-enabling the ouput */
 	wlr_output_state_set_enabled(&state, event->mode);
 	wlr_output_commit_state(m->wlr_output, &state);
 
@@ -2452,7 +2454,7 @@ setup(void)
 	wlr_log_init(log_level, NULL);
 
 	/* The Wayland display is managed by libwayland. It handles accepting
-	 * clients from the Unix socket, managing Wayland globals, and so on. */
+	 * clients from the Unix socket, manging Wayland globals, and so on. */
 	dpy = wl_display_create();
 	event_loop = wl_display_get_event_loop(dpy);
 
@@ -2515,7 +2517,6 @@ setup(void)
 	wlr_export_dmabuf_manager_v1_create(dpy);
 	wlr_screencopy_manager_v1_create(dpy);
 	wlr_data_control_manager_v1_create(dpy);
-	wlr_ext_data_control_manager_v1_create(dpy, 1);
 	wlr_primary_selection_v1_device_manager_create(dpy);
 	wlr_viewporter_create(dpy);
 	wlr_single_pixel_buffer_manager_v1_create(dpy);

util.c

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+/* See LICENSE.dwm file for copyright and license details. */
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+
+#include "util.h"
+
+void
+die(const char *fmt, ...) {
+	va_list ap;
+
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
+	va_end(ap);
+
+	if (fmt[0] && fmt[strlen(fmt)-1] == ':') {
+		fputc(' ', stderr);
+		perror(NULL);
+	} else {
+		fputc('\n', stderr);
+	}
+
+	exit(1);
+}
+
+void *
+ecalloc(size_t nmemb, size_t size)
+{
+	void *p;
+
+	if (!(p = calloc(nmemb, size)))
+		die("calloc:");
+	return p;
+}
+
+int
+fd_set_nonblock(int fd) {
+	int flags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFL);
+	if (flags < 0) {
+		perror("fcntl(F_GETFL):");
+		return -1;
+	}
+	if (fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, flags | O_NONBLOCK) < 0) {
+		perror("fcntl(F_SETFL):");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}

util.h

@@ -1,58 +1,5 @@
 /* See LICENSE.dwm file for copyright and license details. */
-#include <stdarg.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include <fcntl.h>
 
-#define MAX(A, B)               ((A) > (B) ? (A) : (B))
-#define MIN(A, B)               ((A) < (B) ? (A) : (B))
-#define LENGTH(X)               (sizeof X / sizeof X[0])
-#define END(A)                  ((A) + LENGTH(A))
-
-static void die(const char *fmt, ...);
-static void *ecalloc(size_t nmemb, size_t size);
-static int fd_set_nonblock(int fd);
-
-void
-die(const char *fmt, ...) {
-	va_list ap;
-
-	va_start(ap, fmt);
-	vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
-	va_end(ap);
-
-	if (fmt[0] && fmt[strlen(fmt)-1] == ':') {
-		fputc(' ', stderr);
-		perror(NULL);
-	} else {
-		fputc('\n', stderr);
-	}
-
-	exit(1);
-}
-
-void *
-ecalloc(size_t nmemb, size_t size)
-{
-	void *p;
-
-	if (!(p = calloc(nmemb, size)))
-		die("calloc:");
-	return p;
-}
-
-int
-fd_set_nonblock(int fd) {
-	int flags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFL);
-	if (flags < 0) {
-		perror("fcntl(F_GETFL):");
-		return -1;
-	}
-	if (fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, flags | O_NONBLOCK) < 0) {
-		perror("fcntl(F_SETFL):");
-		return -1;
-	}
-
-	return 0;
-}
+void die(const char *fmt, ...);
+void *ecalloc(size_t nmemb, size_t size);
+int fd_set_nonblock(int fd);